Category: Week7

Feb. 19th, 2018

Creating a Basic Cam Model – Maya

Using Maya, I was able to create a very basic cam mechanism using a basic cylinder as the main body, and moving a few of the edges symmetrically to create a more interesting shape for the follower to follow as it rotated.

Colliders for Cam in Unity

Placing Colliders

1. Use Capsule Collider for main body of Cam (turned sideways, the body of the capsule collider works well as a cylinder collider)
2. This capsule collider has its radius set to that of the Cam main body, and its height can be adjusted to fit the thickness
3. Create gameObject – cube
4. Remove components: Mesh Renderer and Mesh Filter (leaves cube’s collider: this collider has more flexibility for more complex designs)
5. Set this as a child of the original game object of choice (the gear model in our case)
6. This was rotated at a 45 degree angle and moved to fit the sharp tear-shaped location of the Cam

Setting Up Cam-Follower System

1. Cam Constraints: Frezze Position – x,y,z; Freeze Rotation – x,y
2. The Cam was given a script to rotate it about its Y-axis
3. Cam rotation is used to physically drive the follower
4. Follower Constraints: Frezze Position – x,z; Freeze Rotation – x,y,z
5. Follower was also affected by gravity, to help physically drive it to follow the cam

The follower for this cam-follower system is just a generic Unity cube game Object for now, with a basic box collider. This setup appeared to work well for this basic cam-follower mechanism. There was a bit of a difference in the way this cam was imported into Unity as opposed to the gear, which will need looked into. Its polySurface, which contains the mesh of the object, is a separate and child object of the actual “Cam_Basic_Unity” export.

Driving Gear Mechanisms in Unity with Physics Engine

The following video shows the cam-follower system in action.

Example Video of this Cam Animation in Motion

Feb. 18th, 2018

Creating Multiple Copies of Models with Different Parameters – Maya

As was mentioned in the last post, it seems that it was effective to save an original copy of models of mechanisms in Maya with the past transforms and history in tact to edit to create modified versions of said object. Using this, I was able to create another gear that simply had double the radius of the original, and export that model to Unity as a separate object.

Colliders for Gears in Unity

Placing Colliders

1. Create gameObject – cube
2. Remove components: Mesh Renderer and Mesh Filter (leaves cube’s collider: this collider has more flexibility for more complex designs)
3. Set this as a child of the original game object of choice (the gear model in our case)
4. Need to position with local x and z position relative to parent, as well as correct rotation, to fit collider to single gear tooth
5. Determine angle value (&Theta) between centers of teeth (use 360deg / # of teeth)
6. Use x = Rcos(&Theta) and z = Rsin(&Theta) (where R is radius of gear object, or centers of colliders)
7. To use those formulas for all teeth, just use values of: n * &Theta, where n consists of values 1 – # of teeth
8. You will also want to rotate the colliders around the y-axis equal to the &Theta value used to locate them

It is important to note that the initial collider may not always be at 0 degrees. It may be offset by several degrees. This was determined by visually lining up the first collider with a few different degrees until it appeared to be correct, then the calculated &Theta values were added to this initially discovered value (instead of the assumed zero).

Driving Gear Mechanisms in Unity with Physics Engine

Using the previously described techniques for modeling gears, two gears of different radius values were created to set in Unity (R = 0.5 and R = 1.0). These were all setup with Rigidbody components, and parented to colliders representing all of the teeth, using the above method. Both object’s rigidbody components froze every constraint except for “Rotation on the y-axis (Those frozen include: movement in x,y,z and rotation on x, z). The larger gear was given a basic script that caused it to rotate about the Y-axis over time. It was hoped that this could be placed in a way that rotating this large gear would cause the colliders between the two gears to interact and physically rotate the second gear. Below is a video of it in action.

Example Video of this Gear Animation in Motion